Study of Angiography Findings in Diabetic and Non Diabetic Patients with Cardiac Symptoms

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolicdisorder associated with an increased risk of microvascularand macrovascular disease. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is aprevalent metabolic disorder that often leads to cardiovasculardiseases and diabetic cardiomyopathy, which may lead tochronic pressure overload and myocardial infarction. Thepresent study aimed at studying the extent and complexity ofcardiovascular lesions among diabetic patients and comparesame with non-diabetic patients.Materials and methods: The present study was a CaseControl (Analytical and Interventional) Study conductedover 18 months (October 2016 to March 2018). Case groupconsisted of 250 Diabetic patients with cardiac symptoms,with or without ECG changes, who have undergone coronaryangiography. And Controls group consisted of 250 NonDiabetic patients with cardiac symptoms, with or withoutECG changes, have undergone coronary angiography.Results: In the present study, among diabetics, there were52.8% male patients and 47.2% female patients, similarlyamong non diabetic group, 57.2% were males and 42.8%cases were females. 12.4% people were found normal, 37.6%were suffering from Single vessel disease, 28.8% people withDouble vessel disease and 21.2% people with Triple vesseldisease.Conclusions: According to the present study, among coronaryangiography diagnosis, severe forms of coronary artery lesionswere found common among diabetic patients as compared tonon diabetic patients.

A comprehensive study on complications of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair

Background: Laparoscopic hernia repair has been in use for some time now and has been found to cause lesser postoperative pain and earlier recovery when compared with open methods of hernia repair although they are associated with higher costs and a steep learning curve. The various complications associated with laparoscopic hernia repair needs to be studied and compared with open methods. Aim: The aim of this study was to understand the intraoperative and postoperative complications of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair and formulate methods to prevent them. Materials and methods: This is an observational study consisting of 50 patients who underwent laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (TEP, TAPP) in our institution from September 2014 to March 2016. Intra operative and postoperative complications were documented. The following factors were considered: Type of hernia, Type of hernia vs complications, Operation time, Operation time vs complications, Post-operative hospital stay. Results: The mean operative time was 66.8 min. There were no major complications. There were 4 minor complications namely – surgical emphysema, groin pain, shoulder pain, scrotal pain. Surgical emphysema (21 patients, 42%) depends upon operation time. Groin pain (11 patients – 22% all are indirect) depends upon type of hernia mainly in indirect type, because of the dissection carried out for separating indirect sac. Shoulder pain (6 patients, 12%) is directly proportional to the time of surgery (all were >90 min) probably due to retention of CO2 which lead to diaphragmatic indentation. Scrotal edema (6 patients, 12%) depends upon the type of hernia as it occurred only in indirect hernias due to the dissection for indirect sac. All these minor complications subsided with supportive care without any surgical intervention. Mean postoperative hospital stay - 2.6 days. Laparoscopic hernia repair has a steep learning curve and time consuming initially T. Babu Antony, S. Krishna Bharath. A comprehensive study on complications of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair. IAIM, 2017; 4(2): 6-10. Page 7 Conclusion: Laparoscopic hernia repair has a steep learning curve and fearsome complications but once mastered, it is a safe and effective technique with early postoperative recovery. In our study we encountered only minor complications all those complications were managed conservatively

Oral health status and treatment requirements of hospitalized psychiatric patients in Bangalore city: a comparative study.

The purpose of the present study was to describe the oral health status and treatment requirements and to study the association between dental caries and mental illness in a group of hospitalized psychiatric patients.A total of 326 psychiatric patients were examined and compared with 156 normal persons of comparable age and sex. 75.5% of the psychiatric patients exhibited caries experience with significantly higher DMFT and DMFS compared to the 66% in controls. Stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that DMFT was related to age, type of the ward and duration of mental illness. Periodontal diseases were significantly higher among psychiatric patients than controls. Higher proportion of psychiatric patients were suffering from TMJ disorders. Further, extensive dental treatment requirements were observed among these patients.

Correlates of psychiatric morbidity in patients with leprosy.

The relationship between psychiatric morbidity in 30 leprosy patients under treatment as assessed by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and certain variables of their illness and psychosocial factors is examined in this paper. Physical disability and duration of illness were the illness variables considered; knowledge and adjustment were the psychosocial variables included. Bell's Adjustment Inventory (BAI) measured the latter, psychiatric morbidity was positively correlated with physical disability (p < 0.05), knowledge about the disease (p < 0.01) and social, emotional and health maladjustment (p < 0.01), but not with duration of illness (p > 0.05). The importance of appropriate knowledge, social stigma and physical disability in leprosy is discussed in addressing the psychiatric morbidity of leprosy patients.

Child and adolescent psychiatry in-patient facility.

The short-term in-patent facility of the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit in the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore is described. Its clientele over one year is reviewed. Totally 152 admissions were made. Hysterical neurosis (30.8%), Psychoses (25.2%), Conduct disorder (10.5%) and Hyperkinetic syndrome (9.8%) were the most common diagnoses observed in this population who needed short-term intervention. Average duration of stay was 4-12 weeks. All children were admitted with a parent. In 95.8% of the cases the treatment expenses were borne partially/fully by the hospital. The policy and functioning of the facility is discussed.

Psychiatric morbidity in leprosy and psoriasis--a comparative study.

The psychiatric morbidity of 30 leprosy patients was compared with that of psoriasis in a clinic set-up. The prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was significantly less among leprosy patients (122/1000) than among those with psoriasis (476/1000); but the severity of the problem, as measured by General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), was significantly greater among leprosy patients (p < 0.05). There was no difference in the pattern of psychopathology diagnosis between the two groups. Depressive neurosis was the most common diagnosis in both the groups. The relevance of these findings in relation to leprosy is discussed.